Its development into an important food legume, however, has been hindered by the presence of the neurotoxin in seeds, which, if consumed in large quantities for prolonged periods, can cause irreversible paralysis.

The leaves of Lathyrus sativus (grass pea) are consumed as a green leafy vegetable, often boiled or used in dishes like soups and stews. The leaves and shoots are a good source of protein, vitamins, and minerals and are particularly valuable for human consumption, especially in regions like Bangladesh and West Bengal. In addition to human use, the plant’s foliage and straw also serve as animal fodder.